Human-carnivore relations: Conflicts, tolerance and coexistence in the American West
Publikation: Beiträge in Zeitschriften › Übersichtsarbeiten › Forschung
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in: Environmental Research Letters, Jahrgang 14, Nr. 12, 123005, 06.12.2019.
Publikation: Beiträge in Zeitschriften › Übersichtsarbeiten › Forschung
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Human-carnivore relations
T2 - Conflicts, tolerance and coexistence in the American West
AU - Expósito-Granados, Mónica
AU - Castro, Antonio J.
AU - Lozano, Jorge
AU - Aznar-Sanchez, Jose A.
AU - Carter, Neil H.
AU - Requena-Mullor, Juan M.
AU - Malo, Aurelio F.
AU - Olszańska, Agnieszka
AU - Morales-Reyes, Zebensui
AU - Moleón, Marcos
AU - Sánchez-Zapata, José A.
AU - Cortés-Avizanda, Ainara
AU - Fischer, Joern
AU - Martín-López, Berta
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2019 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd.
PY - 2019/12/6
Y1 - 2019/12/6
N2 - Carnivore and humans live in proximity due to carnivore recovery efforts and ongoing human encroachment into carnivore habitats globally. The American West is a region that uniquely exemplifies these human-carnivore dynamics, however, it is unclear how the research community here integrates social and ecological factors to examine human-carnivore relations. Therefore, strategies promoting human-carnivore coexistence are urgently needed. We conducted a systematic review on human-carnivore relations in the American West covering studies between 2000 and 2018. We first characterized human-carnivore relations across states of the American West. Second, we analyzed similarities and dissimilarities across states in terms of coexistence, tolerance, number of ecosystem services and conflicts mentioned in literature. Third, we used Bayesian modeling to quantify the effect of social and ecological factors influencing the scientific interest on coexistence, tolerance, ecosystem services and conflicts. Results revealed some underlying biases in human-carnivore relations research. Colorado and Montana were the states where the highest proportion of studies were conducted with bears and wolves the most studied species. Non-lethal management was the most common strategy to mitigate conflicts. Overall, conflicts with carnivores were much more frequently mentioned than benefits. We found similarities among Arizona, California, Utah, and New Mexico according to how coexistence, tolerance, services and conflicts are addressed in literature. We identified percentage of federal/private land, carnivore family, social actors, and management actions, as factors explaining how coexistence, tolerance, conflicts and services are addressed in literature. We provide a roadmap to foster tolerance towards carnivores and successful coexistence strategies in the American West based on four main domains, (1) the dual role of carnivores as providers of both beneficial and detrimental contributions to people, (2) social-ecological factors underpinning the provision of beneficial and detrimental contributions, (3) the inclusion of diverse actors, and (4) cross-state collaborative management.
AB - Carnivore and humans live in proximity due to carnivore recovery efforts and ongoing human encroachment into carnivore habitats globally. The American West is a region that uniquely exemplifies these human-carnivore dynamics, however, it is unclear how the research community here integrates social and ecological factors to examine human-carnivore relations. Therefore, strategies promoting human-carnivore coexistence are urgently needed. We conducted a systematic review on human-carnivore relations in the American West covering studies between 2000 and 2018. We first characterized human-carnivore relations across states of the American West. Second, we analyzed similarities and dissimilarities across states in terms of coexistence, tolerance, number of ecosystem services and conflicts mentioned in literature. Third, we used Bayesian modeling to quantify the effect of social and ecological factors influencing the scientific interest on coexistence, tolerance, ecosystem services and conflicts. Results revealed some underlying biases in human-carnivore relations research. Colorado and Montana were the states where the highest proportion of studies were conducted with bears and wolves the most studied species. Non-lethal management was the most common strategy to mitigate conflicts. Overall, conflicts with carnivores were much more frequently mentioned than benefits. We found similarities among Arizona, California, Utah, and New Mexico according to how coexistence, tolerance, services and conflicts are addressed in literature. We identified percentage of federal/private land, carnivore family, social actors, and management actions, as factors explaining how coexistence, tolerance, conflicts and services are addressed in literature. We provide a roadmap to foster tolerance towards carnivores and successful coexistence strategies in the American West based on four main domains, (1) the dual role of carnivores as providers of both beneficial and detrimental contributions to people, (2) social-ecological factors underpinning the provision of beneficial and detrimental contributions, (3) the inclusion of diverse actors, and (4) cross-state collaborative management.
KW - Sustainability Science
KW - Environmental planning
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85081699763&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/a8f51651-4325-3312-822c-21c61d62fa11/
U2 - 10.1088/1748-9326/ab5485
DO - 10.1088/1748-9326/ab5485
M3 - Scientific review articles
VL - 14
JO - Environmental Research Letters
JF - Environmental Research Letters
SN - 1748-9318
IS - 12
M1 - 123005
ER -