TY - JOUR

T1 - Fast Analytical Separation of Selected Agricultural Pesticides Using Supercritical Fluid Chromatography

AU - Jano, Ana

AU - Badiola, Manuel

AU - Ares, Ana M.

AU - Bernal, José

AU - Martín, María Teresa

AU - Toribio, Laura

AU - Fuente-Ballesteros, Adrián

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2025 by the authors.

PY - 2025/12

Y1 - 2025/12

N2 - Pesticides are chemical substances widely used to control, prevent, or eliminate pests in agriculture, gardening, and other sectors. However, their use poses risks to human health, and recent regulatory efforts have focused on minimizing exposure and monitoring residue levels. In this study, the separation of seven pesticides was investigated using supercritical fluid chromatography coupled to diode-array detection (SFC-DAD). The influence of six different stationary phases and various organic modifiers, as well as additional parameters such as temperature, pressure, and the presence of additives, was systematically evaluated to optimize the chromatographic conditions. The best separation performance was achieved using a LiChrospher® 100 DIOL column with methanol as the organic modifier under a gradient program. Analyses were carried out at a flow rate of 3 mL/min, a column temperature of 35 °C, and a system back pressure of 150 bar, resulting in a total analysis time of approximately 4 min. The optimized method allowed for a faster separation of the selected agricultural pesticides by SFC-DAD compared to conventional chromatographic techniques.

AB - Pesticides are chemical substances widely used to control, prevent, or eliminate pests in agriculture, gardening, and other sectors. However, their use poses risks to human health, and recent regulatory efforts have focused on minimizing exposure and monitoring residue levels. In this study, the separation of seven pesticides was investigated using supercritical fluid chromatography coupled to diode-array detection (SFC-DAD). The influence of six different stationary phases and various organic modifiers, as well as additional parameters such as temperature, pressure, and the presence of additives, was systematically evaluated to optimize the chromatographic conditions. The best separation performance was achieved using a LiChrospher® 100 DIOL column with methanol as the organic modifier under a gradient program. Analyses were carried out at a flow rate of 3 mL/min, a column temperature of 35 °C, and a system back pressure of 150 bar, resulting in a total analysis time of approximately 4 min. The optimized method allowed for a faster separation of the selected agricultural pesticides by SFC-DAD compared to conventional chromatographic techniques.

KW - acaricide

KW - pesticide

KW - separation

KW - SFC

KW - stationary phase

KW - supercritical fluid chromatography

KW - Chemistry

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105025961783

U2 - 10.3390/separations12120333

DO - 10.3390/separations12120333

M3 - Journal articles

AN - SCOPUS:105025961783

VL - 12

JO - Separations

JF - Separations

SN - 2297-8739

IS - 12

M1 - 333

ER -