Can we have it all? The role of grassland conservation in supporting forage production and plant diversity

Research output: Journal contributionsJournal articlesResearchpeer-review

Authors

Context: A key global challenge is to meet both the growing demand for food and feed while maintaining biodiversity’s supporting functions. Protected grasslands, such as Natura 2000 sites in Europe, may play an important role in harmonising productivity and biodiversity goals. This work contributes to an understanding of the relationship between forage production and plant diversity in protected and non-protected grasslands. Objectives: We aimed to identify differences in plant diversity and forage production between protected and non-protected grasslands by assessing the effects of land-use intensity (i.e. mowing, grazing, fertilising) on these variables. Methods: Data were available for 95 managed grassland plots (50 × 50 m) in real-managed landscapes. After controlling for site conditions in the analysis, we tested for significant differences between protected and non-protected grasslands and used a multi-group structural equation modelling (SEM) framework to investigate the linkages between land-use intensity, biomass and plant diversity. Results: In protected grasslands, plant diversity was significantly higher while forage production was significantly lower. In non-protected grasslands we found significantly higher land-use intensity, particularly in relation to mowing and fertilisation. Grazing intensity did not significantly differ between protected and non-protected grasslands. In non-protected grasslands we found a significant negative association between forage production and plant diversity. However, this effect was not significant in protected grasslands. We also found a negative association between land-use and plant diversity in both grassland types that was related to mowing and fertilising intensity. These two management aspects also influenced the positive association between land-use intensity and forage production. Furthermore, environmental conditions had a positive effect on forage production and a negative effect on plant diversity in protected grasslands. Conclusions: Our results confirm that the protection of grassland sites is successful in achieving higher plant diversity compared to non-protected grasslands and that protected grasslands do not necessarily trade-off with forage production. This is possible under moderate grazing intensities as higher land-use intensity has a negative effect on plant diversity, particularly on rare species. However, forage production is lower in protected sites as it is driven by mowing and fertilisation intensity. Future research needs to further investigate if the nature of these relationships depends on the livestock type or other management practices.

Original languageEnglish
JournalLandscape Ecology
Volume38
Issue number12
Pages (from-to)4451-4465
Number of pages15
ISSN0921-2973
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 12.2023

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL. The work has been partly funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Priority Program 1374 “Biodiversity-Exploratories” (DFG-Refno. 43316337). Furthermore, it was supported by iDiv which is funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG–FZT 118, 202548816). MFL contract was partly supported by the RYC2021-032828-I grant, financed by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by the European Union “NextGenerationEU”/PRTR».

Funding Information:
We thank the managers of the three Exploratories, Max Müller, Julia Bass, Robert Künast, Miriam Teuscher, Anna K. Franke, Franca Marian and all former managers for their work in maintaining the plot and project infrastructure; Victoria Grießmeier for giving support through the central office, Andreas Ostrowski for managing the central database, and Markus Fischer, Eduard Linsenmair, Dominik Hessenmöller, Daniel Prati, Ingo Schöning, François Buscot, Ernst-Detlef Schulze, Wolfgang W. Weisser and the late Elisabeth Kalko for their role in setting up the Biodiversity Exploratories project. We thank the administration of the Hainich National Park, the UNESCO Biosphere Reserve Swabian Alb and the UNESCO Biosphere Reserve Schorfheide-Chorin as well as all landowners for the excellent collaboration. The work has been (partly) funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Priority Program 1374 “Biodiversity-Exploratories” (DFG-Refno. 43316337). Field work permits were issued by the responsible state environmental offices of Baden-Württemberg, Thüringen, and Brandenburg. Furthermore, we gratefully acknowledge the support of iDiv funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG–FZT 118, 202548816).

Funding Information:
We thank the managers of the three Exploratories, Max Müller, Julia Bass, Robert Künast, Miriam Teuscher, Anna K. Franke, Franca Marian and all former managers for their work in maintaining the plot and project infrastructure; Victoria Grießmeier for giving support through the central office, Andreas Ostrowski for managing the central database, and Markus Fischer, Eduard Linsenmair, Dominik Hessenmöller, Daniel Prati, Ingo Schöning, François Buscot, Ernst-Detlef Schulze, Wolfgang W. Weisser and the late Elisabeth Kalko for their role in setting up the Biodiversity Exploratories project. We thank the administration of the Hainich National Park, the UNESCO Biosphere Reserve Swabian Alb and the UNESCO Biosphere Reserve Schorfheide-Chorin as well as all landowners for the excellent collaboration. The work has been (partly) funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Priority Program 1374 “Biodiversity-Exploratories” (DFG-Refno. 43316337). Field work permits were issued by the responsible state environmental offices of Baden-Württemberg, Thüringen, and Brandenburg. Furthermore, we gratefully acknowledge the support of iDiv funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG–FZT 118, 202548816).

Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, The Author(s).

    Research areas

  • Biodiversity conservation, Land use intensity, Material nature’s contributions to people, Natura 2000, Plant species richness, Provisioning ecosystem services
  • Ecosystems Research
  • Biology

Recently viewed

Publications

  1. Einleitung
  2. Harmonising biodiversity conservation and food security in southwestern Ethiopia
  3. Klassifizierungskämpfe
  4. Die Grundschul-Bibel
  5. Automatic distance regulation in vehicles - how perceptual psychology can be applied
  6. Emotion-regulation skills training enhances the efficacy of inpatient cognitive behavioral therapy for major depressive disorder
  7. Szenarien und Narrative
  8. From the Substantive to the Ceremonial
  9. A unique nest-protection strategy in a new species of spider wasp
  10. Umgang mit Konflikten
  11. Kleidungspraktiken erforschen!
  12. Die Thematisierung von »Kindern« in der Kinder- und Jugendhilfe
  13. Apel, Hans
  14. Schadenfreude as social-functional dominance regulator
  15. Collaborative governance and personal relationships for sustainability transformation in the textile sector
  16. Does excess nitrogen supply increase the drought sensitivity of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) seedlings?
  17. Business Model Innovation for Sustainable Energy
  18. Aquatic habitat use by amphibians with specific reference to Rana temporaria at high elevations (Retezat Mountains National Park, Romania)
  19. Lager
  20. The coexistence of amenity and biodiversity in urban landscapes
  21. Democracy and the global spread of progressive taxes
  22. Indikatoren für eine diskursive Evaluation transdisziplinärer Forschung
  23. Stadt als Möglichkeitsraum
  24. Exports and Firm Profitability: Qualtiy matters!
  25. Die Renaissance der Gemeinwohlwerte
  26. Zur Frage nach bedeutsamen Differenzen im Fachunterricht
  27. The curvilinear and time-lagging impact of sustainability performance on financial performance
  28. Ausstieg und Geschlecht
  29. Integrierte Standort- und Belegungsplanung
  30. Board gender diversity and corporate social responsibility.
  31. Africa’s mountainous islands
  32. Does sustainable corporate governance have an impact on materiality disclosure quality in integrated reporting?
  33. Baseflow recession analysis for flood-prone black sea watersheds in Turkey
  34. "Recht und billig"
  35. Therapist behaviours in Internet-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy
  36. Struktur und Agency
  37. The common ground is epistemic violence
  38. Sternenstaub
  39. Training participation of a firm´s aging workforce
  40. Umweltrechnungslegung in Südostasien
  41. Green and Sustainable Chemistry