Literary illustrations as translations have not yet received as much attention, especially not aspects pertaining to specific literary or poetic elements. This project aims to examine literary illustrations as intersemiotic translations, as the “interpretation of verbal signs by means of signs of nonverbal sign systems" (Roman Jakobson). It asks how, beyond representing scenes and characters, illustrators have "translated" into their own sign system literary elements which have no immediate visual equivalent, such as - for example - the verbal nonsense games that characterise Lewis Carroll's novel "Alice in Wonderland". It aims to identify and make systematic for the first time the ways pictures can be analyzed using similar tools and questions applied to verbal interlingual translation.