Low-wage mobility of female and male self-employed and employees– Evidence from German and British longitudinal data

Level of low-wage employment and inequality widely discussed
Central factor in explaining poverty
Discourage individuals
Illegal activities and work in informal sector
Key issue: low-wage persistence and a lack of mobility
Perception of social equality
Incentives
Evidence for German employees for gender differences in mobility rates (Aretz 2013)
More volatile income of self-employed (Merz/Zwick 2008; Dittrich et al. 2013)


Level of low-wage employment and inequality widely discussed Central factor in explaining poverty Discourage individuals Illegal activities and work in informal sector Key issue: low-wage persistence and a lack of mobility Perception of social equality Incentives Evidence for German employees for gender differences in mobility rates (Aretz 2013) More volatile income of self-employed (Merz/Zwick 2008; Dittrich et al. 2013)