TY - JOUR

T1 - Temporal variations of perfluoroalkyl substances and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in alpine snow

AU - Kirchgeorg, Torben

AU - Dreyer, Annekatrin

AU - Gabrieli, Jacopo

AU - Kehrwald, Natalie

AU - Sigl, Michael

AU - Schwikowski, Margit

AU - Boutron, Claude

AU - Gambaro, Andrea

AU - Barbante, Carlo

AU - Ebinghaus, Ralf

N1 - Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

PY - 2013/7/1

Y1 - 2013/7/1

N2 - The occurrence and temporal variation of 18 perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and 8 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in the European Alps was investigated in a 10 m shallow firn core from Colle Gnifetti in the Monte Rosa Massif (4455 m above sea level). The firn core encompasses the years 1997-2007. Firn core sections were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (PFASs) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (PBDEs). We detected 12 PFASs and 8 PBDEs in the firn samples. Perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA; 0.3-1.8 ng L -1) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA; 0.2-0.6 ng L -1) were the major PFASs while BDE 99 (<MQL-4.5 ng L -1) and BDE 47 (n.d.-2.6 ng L -1) were the major PBDEs. This study demonstrates the occurrence of PFASs and PBDEs in the European Alps and provides the first evidence that PFASs compositions may be changing to PFBA-dominated compositions.

AB - The occurrence and temporal variation of 18 perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and 8 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in the European Alps was investigated in a 10 m shallow firn core from Colle Gnifetti in the Monte Rosa Massif (4455 m above sea level). The firn core encompasses the years 1997-2007. Firn core sections were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (PFASs) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (PBDEs). We detected 12 PFASs and 8 PBDEs in the firn samples. Perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA; 0.3-1.8 ng L -1) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA; 0.2-0.6 ng L -1) were the major PFASs while BDE 99 (<MQL-4.5 ng L -1) and BDE 47 (n.d.-2.6 ng L -1) were the major PBDEs. This study demonstrates the occurrence of PFASs and PBDEs in the European Alps and provides the first evidence that PFASs compositions may be changing to PFBA-dominated compositions.

KW - Sustainability Science

KW - Chemistry

KW - PFAS

KW - PBDE

KW - Deposition

KW - European Alps

KW - PBDE

KW - PFAS

KW - Temporal trend

KW - Deposition

KW - European Alps

KW - PBDE

KW - PFAS

KW - Temporal trend

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84876565252&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.03.043

DO - 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.03.043

M3 - Journal articles

C2 - 23607941

VL - 178

SP - 367

EP - 374

JO - Environmental Pollution

JF - Environmental Pollution

SN - 0269-7491

ER -