Landscape moderation of biodiversity patterns and processes - eight hypotheses

Publikation: Beiträge in ZeitschriftenÜbersichtsarbeitenForschung

Authors

  • Teja Tscharntke
  • Jason M. Tylianakis
  • Tatyana A. Rand
  • Raphael K. Didham
  • Leonore Fahrig
  • Péter Batáry
  • Janne Bengtsson
  • Yann Clough
  • Thomas O. Crist
  • Carsten F. Dormann
  • Robert M. Ewers
  • Jochen Fründ
  • Robert D. Holt
  • Andrea Holzschuh
  • David Kleijn
  • Claire Kremen
  • Doug A. Landis
  • William Laurance
  • David Lindenmayer
  • Christoph Scherber
  • Navjot S. Sodhi
  • Ingolf Steffan-Dewenter
  • Carsten Thies
  • Wim H. van der Putten
  • Catrin Westphal
Understanding how landscape characteristics affect biodiversity patterns and ecological processes at local and landscape scales is critical for mitigating effects of global environmental change. In this review, we use knowledge gained from human-modified landscapes to suggest eight hypotheses, which we hope will encourage more systematic research on the role of landscape composition and configuration in determining the structure of ecological communities, ecosystem functioning and services. We organize the eight hypotheses under four overarching themes. Section A: ‘landscape
moderation of biodiversity patterns’ includes (1) the landscape species pool hypothesis—the size of the landscape-wide species pool moderates local (alpha) biodiversity, and (2) the dominance of beta diversity hypothesis—landscapemoderated dissimilarity of local communities determines landscape-wide biodiversity and overrides negative local effects
of habitat fragmentation on biodiversity. Section B: ‘landscape moderation of population dynamics’ includes (3) the cross-habitat spillover hypothesis—landscape-moderated spillover of energy, resources and organisms across habitats,including between managed and natural ecosystems, influences landscape-wide community structure and associated processes and (4) the landscape-moderated concentration and dilution hypothesis—spatial and temporal changes in landscape composition can cause transient concentration or dilution of populationswith functional consequences. Section
C: ‘landscape moderation of functional trait selection’ includes (5) the landscape-moderated functional trait selection hypothesis—landscape moderation of species trait selection shapes the functional role and trajectory of community assembly, and (6) the landscape-moderated insurance hypothesis—landscape complexity provides spatial and temporal insurance, i.e. high resilience and stability of ecological processes in changing environments. Section D: ‘landscape constraints on conservation management’ includes (7) the intermediate landscape-complexity hypothesis—landscapemoderated
effectiveness of local conservation management is highest in structurally simple, rather than in cleared (i.e. extremely simplified) or in complex landscapes, and (8) the landscape-moderated biodiversity versus ecosystem service management hypothesis—landscape-moderated biodiversity conservation to optimize functional diversity and related
ecosystem services will not protect endangered species. Shifting our research focus from local to landscape-moderated effects on biodiversity will be critical to developing solutions for future biodiversity and ecosystem service management.
OriginalspracheEnglisch
ZeitschriftBiological Reviews
Jahrgang87
Ausgabenummer3
Seiten (von - bis)661-685
Anzahl der Seiten25
DOIs
PublikationsstatusErschienen - 08.2012

    Fachgebiete

  • Biologie
  • Ökosystemforschung - beta diversity, belowground-aboveground patterss, conversation management, ecosystem functioning and services, functional traits, insurance hypothesis, landscape composition and configuration, multitrophic interactions, resilience and stability, spatial heterogeneity

DOI

Zuletzt angesehen

Publikationen

  1. Germany
  2. Peacekeeping Operations in Outer Space
  3. Lesen unter Gleichen
  4. Wir sind ihr
  5. How Does Pre-Service Teachers’ Self-Efficacy Relate to the Fulfilment of Basic Psychological Needs During Teaching Practicum?
  6. 'Creativity and Innovation' in the Nineteenth Century
  7. Governance change and governance learning in Europe: stakeholder participation in environmental policy implementation
  8. Einleitung
  9. The mimicry of dialogue
  10. Finding one’s rhythm
  11. Improved dam operation in the Amu Darya river basin including transboundary aspects
  12. Teaching entrepreneurship as lived experience through ‘wonderment exercises’
  13. Kontrolle, Ritus, Simulation
  14. Possible future space debris mitigation and removal legal, regulatory and technical scenarios
  15. Exploring plant community assembly for its potential for grassland restoration
  16. Range-wide genetic structure and diversity of the endemic tree line species Polylepis australis (Rosaceae) in Argentina
  17. Sustainability assessments designed for multiple functions
  18. Interactions of CaO with pure Mg and Mg-Ca alloys—an in situ synchrotron radiation diffraction study
  19. Wissenschaftliche Kommunikation im Netz 2013
  20. SGB III
  21. Development and Validation of the German Climate Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (GCAS-A)
  22. Non-native tree species (Pseudotsuga menziesii) strongly decreases predator biomass and abundance in mixed-species plantations of a tree diversity experiment
  23. Kybernetik
  24. Nachhaltige Chemie
  25. Peer Evaluation Can Reliably Measure Local Knowledge
  26. Applying the HES-framework
  27. Response of a shrubland mammal and reptile community to a history of landscape-scale wildfire
  28. Von der actio quanti minoris zur performance reduction
  29. Decision Support for Crew Rostering in Public Transit
  30. Digital Natives - eine Generation des Übergangs
  31. Reduction of Atmospheric Transboundary Fluxes of Heavy Metals in Europe
  32. Publicum