Magnesium alloys are generally not age hardened due to low age-hardening response. Recent work shows that microalloying may be a path to develop high-strength precipitation-hardening magnesium alloys. Here, we provide examples where microalloying has been used to enhance the age-hardening response through an increase in number density and through modification of the precipitate orientation. Some important considerations when selecting microalloying elements for future alloy development are also discussed.