Compositional variation in grassland plant communities
Publikation: Beiträge in Zeitschriften › Zeitschriftenaufsätze › Forschung › begutachtet
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in: Ecosphere - An esa open access journal, Jahrgang 14, Nr. 6, e4542, 01.06.2023.
Publikation: Beiträge in Zeitschriften › Zeitschriftenaufsätze › Forschung › begutachtet
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Compositional variation in grassland plant communities
AU - Bakker, Jonathan D.
AU - Price, Jodi N.
AU - Henning, Jeremiah A.
AU - Batzer, Evan
AU - Ohlert, Timothy
AU - Wainwright, Claire E.
AU - Adler, Peter B.
AU - Alberti, Juan
AU - Arnillas, Carlos Alberto
AU - Biederman, Lori Ann
AU - Borer, Elizabeth T.
AU - Brudvig, Lars
AU - Buckley, Yvonne M.
AU - Bugalho, Miguel Nuno
AU - Cadotte, Marc W.
AU - Da Conceição Caldeira, Maria
AU - Catford, Jane A.
AU - Chen, Qingqing
AU - Crawley, Michael J.
AU - Daleo, Pedro
AU - Dickman, Chris R.
AU - Donohue, Ian
AU - DuPre, Mary Ellyn
AU - Ebeling, Anne
AU - Eisenhauer, Nico
AU - Fay, Philip A.
AU - Gruner, Daniel S.
AU - Haider, Sylvia
AU - Hautier, Yann
AU - Jentsch, Anke
AU - Kirkman, Kevin
AU - Knops, Johannes M.H.
AU - Lannes, Lucíola S.
AU - MacDougall, Andrew S.
AU - McCulley, Rebecca L.
AU - Mitchell, Rachel M.
AU - Moore, Joslin L.
AU - Morgan, John W.
AU - Mortensen, Brent
AU - Venterink, Harry Olde
AU - Peri, Pablo Luis
AU - Power, Sally A.
AU - Prober, Suzanne Mary
AU - Roscher, Christiane
AU - Sankaran, Mahesh
AU - Seabloom, Eric W.
AU - Smith, Melinda D.
AU - Stevens, Carly
AU - Sullivan, Lauren L.
AU - Tedder, Michelle J.
AU - Veen, G. F.Ciska
AU - Virtanen, Risto
AU - Wardle, Glenda M.
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Authors. Ecosphere published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Ecological Society of America.
PY - 2023/6/1
Y1 - 2023/6/1
N2 - Human activities are altering ecological communities around the globe. Understanding the implications of these changes requires that we consider the composition of those communities. However, composition can be summarized by many metrics which in turn are influenced by different ecological processes. For example, incidence-based metrics strongly reflect species gains or losses, while abundance-based metrics are minimally affected by changes in the abundance of small or uncommon species. Furthermore, metrics might be correlated with different predictors. We used a globally distributed experiment to examine variation in species composition within 60 grasslands on six continents. Each site had an identical experimental and sampling design: 24 plots × 4 years. We expressed compositional variation within each site—not across sites—using abundance- and incidence-based metrics of the magnitude of dissimilarity (Bray–Curtis and Sorensen, respectively), abundance- and incidence-based measures of the relative importance of replacement (balanced variation and species turnover, respectively), and species richness at two scales (per plot-year [alpha] and per site [gamma]). Average compositional variation among all plot-years at a site was high and similar to spatial variation among plots in the pretreatment year, but lower among years in untreated plots. For both types of metrics, most variation was due to replacement rather than nestedness. Differences among sites in overall within-site compositional variation were related to several predictors. Environmental heterogeneity (expressed as the CV of total aboveground plant biomass in unfertilized plots of the site) was an important predictor for most metrics. Biomass production was a predictor of species turnover and of alpha diversity but not of other metrics. Continentality (measured as annual temperature range) was a strong predictor of Sorensen dissimilarity. Metrics of compositional variation are moderately correlated: knowing the magnitude of dissimilarity at a site provides little insight into whether the variation is driven by replacement processes. Overall, our understanding of compositional variation at a site is enhanced by considering multiple metrics simultaneously. Monitoring programs that explicitly incorporate these implications, both when designing sampling strategies and analyzing data, will have a stronger ability to understand the compositional variation of systems and to quantify the impacts of human activities.
AB - Human activities are altering ecological communities around the globe. Understanding the implications of these changes requires that we consider the composition of those communities. However, composition can be summarized by many metrics which in turn are influenced by different ecological processes. For example, incidence-based metrics strongly reflect species gains or losses, while abundance-based metrics are minimally affected by changes in the abundance of small or uncommon species. Furthermore, metrics might be correlated with different predictors. We used a globally distributed experiment to examine variation in species composition within 60 grasslands on six continents. Each site had an identical experimental and sampling design: 24 plots × 4 years. We expressed compositional variation within each site—not across sites—using abundance- and incidence-based metrics of the magnitude of dissimilarity (Bray–Curtis and Sorensen, respectively), abundance- and incidence-based measures of the relative importance of replacement (balanced variation and species turnover, respectively), and species richness at two scales (per plot-year [alpha] and per site [gamma]). Average compositional variation among all plot-years at a site was high and similar to spatial variation among plots in the pretreatment year, but lower among years in untreated plots. For both types of metrics, most variation was due to replacement rather than nestedness. Differences among sites in overall within-site compositional variation were related to several predictors. Environmental heterogeneity (expressed as the CV of total aboveground plant biomass in unfertilized plots of the site) was an important predictor for most metrics. Biomass production was a predictor of species turnover and of alpha diversity but not of other metrics. Continentality (measured as annual temperature range) was a strong predictor of Sorensen dissimilarity. Metrics of compositional variation are moderately correlated: knowing the magnitude of dissimilarity at a site provides little insight into whether the variation is driven by replacement processes. Overall, our understanding of compositional variation at a site is enhanced by considering multiple metrics simultaneously. Monitoring programs that explicitly incorporate these implications, both when designing sampling strategies and analyzing data, will have a stronger ability to understand the compositional variation of systems and to quantify the impacts of human activities.
KW - Ecosystems Research
KW - Bray-Curtis dissimilarity
KW - fertilization
KW - grassland
KW - NutNet
KW - plant community
KW - Sorensen dissimilarity
KW - spatial variation
KW - species composition
KW - temporal variation
KW - turnover
KW - vegetation
UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/8a61d678-3e34-31b8-a823-4f1d350783fe/
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85188116675&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/ecs2.4542
DO - 10.1002/ecs2.4542
M3 - Journal articles
VL - 14
JO - Ecosphere - An esa open access journal
JF - Ecosphere - An esa open access journal
SN - 2150-8925
IS - 6
M1 - e4542
ER -