Centralized and decentral approaches to succeed the 100% energiewende in Germany in the European context – A model-based analysis of generation, network, and storage investments

Publikation: Beiträge in ZeitschriftenZeitschriftenaufsätzeForschungbegutachtet

Authors

  • Mario Kendziorski
  • Leonard Göke
  • Christian von Hirschhausen
  • Claudia Kemfert
  • Elmar Zozmann
In this paper, we explore centralized and more decentral approaches to succeed the energiewende in Germany, in the European context. We use the AnyMOD framework to model a future renewable-based European energy system, based on a techno-economic optimization, i.e. cost minimization with given demand, including both investment and the subsequent dispatch of capacity. The model includes 29 regions for European countries, and 38 NUTS-2 regions in Germany. First the entire energy system on the European level is optimized. Based on these results, the electricity system for the German regions is optimized to achieve great regional detail to analyse spatial effects. The model allows a comparison between a stylized central scenario with high amounts of wind offshore deployed, and a decentral scenario using mainly the existing grid, and thus relying more on local capacities. The results reveal that the cost for the second optimization of these two scenarios are about the same: The central scenario is characterized by network expansion in order to transport the electricity from the wind offshore sites, whereas the decentral scenario leads to more photovoltaic and battery deployment closer to the areas with a high demand for energy. A scenarios with higher energy efficiency and lower demand projections lead to a significant reduction of investment requirements, and to different localizations thereof.
OriginalspracheEnglisch
Aufsatznummer113039
ZeitschriftEnergy Policy
Jahrgang167
Anzahl der Seiten9
ISSN0301-4215
DOIs
PublikationsstatusErschienen - 08.2022

Bibliographische Notiz

Funding Information:
The paper is a follow-up of Professor Claudia Kemfert's keynote presentation at the IX. Academic Symposium in Barcelona entitled “Chance for decentralized energy system transformation with full supply from renewable energies”; it is based on a larger research program on the German energiewende. The scenarios and results are also based on a cooperation with the 100 prozent erneuerbar foundation (Berlin). We thank the organizers and participants at the Barcelona symposium in particular Maria Teresa Costa-Campi and Elisa Trujillo-Baute, two anonymous referees for particularly useful and detailed comments, furthermore participants at the DIW brown bag (März 2021), the “Berlin Energy Days” (April 2021), and others colleagues for comments and suggestions. The usual disclaimer applies, i.e. the authors alone are responsbile for the content.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier Ltd

DOI