Atmospheric mercury over sea ice during the OASIS-2009 campaign

Publikation: Beiträge in ZeitschriftenZeitschriftenaufsätzeForschungbegutachtet

Authors

  • Alexandra Steffen
  • Jan Bottenheim
  • Amanda Cole
  • Thomas A. Douglas
  • Ralf Ebinghaus
  • Udo Friess
  • Stoyka Netcheva
  • Son Nghiem
  • Holger Sihler
  • Ralf Staebler

Measurements of gaseous elemental mercury (GEM), reactive gaseous mercury (RGM) and particulate mercury (PHg) were collected on the Beaufort Sea ice near Barrow, Alaska, in March 2009 as part of the Ocean-Atmosphere-Sea Ice-Snowpack (OASIS) and OASIS-Canada International Polar Year programmes. These results represent the first atmospheric mercury speciation measurements collected on the sea ice. Concentrations of PHg averaged 393.5 pg m -3 (range 47.1-900.1 pg m -3) and RGM concentrations averaged 30.1 pg m -3 (range 3.5-105.4 pg m -3) during the two-week-long study. The mean concentration of GEM during the study was 0.59 ng m -3 (range 0.01-1.51 ng m -3) and was depleted compared to annual Arctic ambient boundary layer concentrations. It is shown that when ozone (O 3) and bromine oxide (BrO) chemistry were active there is a positive linear relationship between GEM and O 3, a negative one between PHg and O 3, a positive correlation between RGM and BrO, and none between RGM and O 3. For the first time, GEM was measured simultaneously over the tundra and the sea ice. The results show a significant difference in the magnitude of the emission of GEM from the two locations, with significantly higher emission over the tundra. Elevated chloride levels in snow over sea ice are proposed to be the cause of lower GEM emissions over the sea ice because chloride has been shown to suppress photoreduction processes of RGM to GEM in snow. Since the snowpack on sea ice retains more mercury than inland snow, current models of the Arctic mercury cycle may greatly underestimate atmospheric deposition fluxes because they are based predominantly on land-based measurements. Land-based measurements of atmospheric mercury deposition may also underestimate the impacts of sea ice changes on the mercury cycle in the Arctic. The predicted changes in sea ice conditions and a more saline future snowpack in the Arctic could enhance retention of atmospherically deposited mercury and increase the amount of mercury entering the Arctic Ocean and coastal ecosystems.

OriginalspracheEnglisch
ZeitschriftAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics
Jahrgang13
Ausgabenummer14
Seiten (von - bis)7007-7021
Anzahl der Seiten15
ISSN1680-7316
DOIs
PublikationsstatusErschienen - 24.07.2013

Dokumente

DOI

Zuletzt angesehen

Publikationen

  1. Das Anfertigen von Notizen als Lernstrategie beim mathematischen Modellieren
  2. European External Action Service
  3. Long-term trends in tree-ring width and isotope signatures (δ13C, δ15N) of Fagus sylvatica L. on soils with contrasting water supply
  4. Identifying governance gaps among interlinked sustainability challenges
  5. Kindergarten und Grundschule zwischen Differenzierung und Integration
  6. Mainstreaming biodiversity
  7. Correction to
  8. T&T Clark Handbook of Christian Eschatology
  9. Benign by design
  10. Digital health literacy and subjective wellbeing in the context of COVID-19
  11. So macht man Karriere
  12. Il Silver Workers Institute
  13. Metamorphic matrix breccia 79215
  14. Does eva beat earnings?
  15. Joseph beuys
  16. Unobtrusive Detection of Respiratory Rate through UWB-Sensing for Applications of Ambient Assisted Living
  17. Simulationen im Nawi-Unterricht
  18. Stress in organizations
  19. Medienpädagogik unter der differenztheoretischen Lupe
  20. Normative Orientierungen
  21. Adventures of Anti-Dialectic
  22. Queer mobiles and mobile queers
  23. Alles der Reihe nach!
  24. Diversität und Heterogenität
  25. Liebe
  26. On inhomogeneous Bernoulli convolutions and random power series
  27. Ins Netz und hin zu gesellschaftlich gewünschten Medien
  28. Ressourceneffizienz in der Praxis
  29. Resonanz zwischen Systemtheorie und Kritischer Theorie
  30. Tourismus
  31. Das VSBG verstärkt die Anreize zum Rechtsbruch
  32. Disentangling Obstacles to Knowledge Co-Production for Early-Career Researchers in the Marine Sciences
  33. Do sustainability projects stimulate organizational learning in universities?