Antibiotics in the aquatic environment - A review - Part I
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Antibiotics in the aquatic environment - A review - Part I. / Kümmerer, Klaus.
in: Chemosphere, Jahrgang 75, Nr. 4, 04.2009, S. 417-434.Publikation: Beiträge in Zeitschriften › Übersichtsarbeiten › Forschung
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Antibiotics in the aquatic environment - A review - Part I
AU - Kümmerer, Klaus
PY - 2009/4
Y1 - 2009/4
N2 - Although antibiotics have been used in large quantities for some decades, until recently the existence of these substances in the environment has received little notice. It is only in recent years that a more complex investigation of antibiotic substances has been undertaken in order to permit an assessment of the environmental risks they may pose. Within the last decade an increasing number of studies covering antibiotic input, occurrence, fate and effects have been published, but there is still a lack of understanding and knowledge about antibiotics in the aquatic environment despite the numerous studies performed. This review addresses the present state of knowledge concerning the input, occurrence, fate and effects of antibiotics in the environment. It brings up important questions that are still open, and addresses some significant issues which must be tackled in the future for a better understanding of the behavior of antibiotics in the environment, as well as the risks associated with their occurrence. Questions related to resistance in the environment that may be caused by antibiotics will be addressed in the second part. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
AB - Although antibiotics have been used in large quantities for some decades, until recently the existence of these substances in the environment has received little notice. It is only in recent years that a more complex investigation of antibiotic substances has been undertaken in order to permit an assessment of the environmental risks they may pose. Within the last decade an increasing number of studies covering antibiotic input, occurrence, fate and effects have been published, but there is still a lack of understanding and knowledge about antibiotics in the aquatic environment despite the numerous studies performed. This review addresses the present state of knowledge concerning the input, occurrence, fate and effects of antibiotics in the environment. It brings up important questions that are still open, and addresses some significant issues which must be tackled in the future for a better understanding of the behavior of antibiotics in the environment, as well as the risks associated with their occurrence. Questions related to resistance in the environment that may be caused by antibiotics will be addressed in the second part. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
KW - Chemistry
KW - ANTIBIOTIC
KW - effect
KW - ENVIRONMENT
KW - fate
KW - Antibiotics
KW - aquatic
KW - aquatic environment
KW - Review
KW - ANTIBIOTIC
KW - effect
KW - ENVIRONMENT
KW - fate
KW - Antibiotics
KW - aquatic
KW - aquatic environment
KW - Review
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=63449084512&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/739109bf-5a67-3b59-9ba6-f75d96c19309/
U2 - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.11.086
DO - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.11.086
M3 - Scientific review articles
C2 - 19185900
VL - 75
SP - 417
EP - 434
JO - Chemosphere
JF - Chemosphere
SN - 0045-6535
IS - 4
ER -