Anthropogenic platinum fluxes: Quantification of sources and sinks, and outlook

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Anthropogenic platinum fluxes: Quantification of sources and sinks, and outlook. / Helmers, Eckard; Kümmerer, Klaus.
in: Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Jahrgang 6, Nr. 1, 1999, S. 29-36 .

Publikation: Beiträge in ZeitschriftenZeitschriftenaufsätzeForschungbegutachtet

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@article{fca537434fe348a89c97e3e1bc0f24b1,
title = "Anthropogenic platinum fluxes: Quantification of sources and sinks, and outlook",
abstract = "Employing the data available to date, anthropogenic Pt fluxes are calculated for Germany with special emphasis on the Pt emitted by cars equipped with catalytic converters. Pt fluxes are quantified using five different methods (street deposition, automobile emission rate, sewage sludges, atmospheric load, industrial consumption). During the first and the second methods, approx. 100 kg of emitted Pt are seen to result for both for the mid 1990's. Up to the year 2018, a total of 2100 kg of Pt will be emitted by cars equipped with catalytic converters. The diffuse atmospheric Pt deposition amounts to 0.73 - 4.4 μg/m 2y or 260 kg Pt/year. Industrial sources emitting Pt into the atmosphere are likely but difficult to quantify. The enrichment of Pt in soils during agriculture fertilization with sewage sludges and during diffuse atmospheric deposition result in a level of 46 - 460 ng/kg up to the year 2018. Although this is slightly below the geogenic background, a comparison with the pollution history of Pb implies that forthcoming environmental Pt enrichment should not be neglected. ",
keywords = "Chemistry, Umwelt, PGE, Platinum, Platingruppenelemente, Platinum fluxes, Sinks, Pt, Platinum group element, Environmental enrichment, Industrial consumption, Palladium, Street deposition, Pb, Pd, Atmospheric load, Lead, Sewage sludges, Automobile emissions, PGE, Pb, Pd, Pt, atmospheric load, automobile emissions, environmental enrichment, industrial consumption, lead, palladium, platinum fluxes, platinum group element, sewage sludges, sinks, street deposition, Platinum group element, Industrial consumption, Lead, Automobile emissions, Platinum fluxes, Sinks, Environmental enrichment, Palladium, Street deposition, Atmospheric load, Sewage sludges",
author = "Eckard Helmers and Klaus K{\"u}mmerer",
year = "1999",
doi = "10.1007/BF02987118",
language = "English",
volume = "6",
pages = "29--36 ",
journal = "Environmental Science and Pollution Research",
issn = "0944-1344",
publisher = "Springer",
number = "1",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Anthropogenic platinum fluxes

T2 - Quantification of sources and sinks, and outlook

AU - Helmers, Eckard

AU - Kümmerer, Klaus

PY - 1999

Y1 - 1999

N2 - Employing the data available to date, anthropogenic Pt fluxes are calculated for Germany with special emphasis on the Pt emitted by cars equipped with catalytic converters. Pt fluxes are quantified using five different methods (street deposition, automobile emission rate, sewage sludges, atmospheric load, industrial consumption). During the first and the second methods, approx. 100 kg of emitted Pt are seen to result for both for the mid 1990's. Up to the year 2018, a total of 2100 kg of Pt will be emitted by cars equipped with catalytic converters. The diffuse atmospheric Pt deposition amounts to 0.73 - 4.4 μg/m 2y or 260 kg Pt/year. Industrial sources emitting Pt into the atmosphere are likely but difficult to quantify. The enrichment of Pt in soils during agriculture fertilization with sewage sludges and during diffuse atmospheric deposition result in a level of 46 - 460 ng/kg up to the year 2018. Although this is slightly below the geogenic background, a comparison with the pollution history of Pb implies that forthcoming environmental Pt enrichment should not be neglected.

AB - Employing the data available to date, anthropogenic Pt fluxes are calculated for Germany with special emphasis on the Pt emitted by cars equipped with catalytic converters. Pt fluxes are quantified using five different methods (street deposition, automobile emission rate, sewage sludges, atmospheric load, industrial consumption). During the first and the second methods, approx. 100 kg of emitted Pt are seen to result for both for the mid 1990's. Up to the year 2018, a total of 2100 kg of Pt will be emitted by cars equipped with catalytic converters. The diffuse atmospheric Pt deposition amounts to 0.73 - 4.4 μg/m 2y or 260 kg Pt/year. Industrial sources emitting Pt into the atmosphere are likely but difficult to quantify. The enrichment of Pt in soils during agriculture fertilization with sewage sludges and during diffuse atmospheric deposition result in a level of 46 - 460 ng/kg up to the year 2018. Although this is slightly below the geogenic background, a comparison with the pollution history of Pb implies that forthcoming environmental Pt enrichment should not be neglected.

KW - Chemistry

KW - Umwelt

KW - PGE

KW - Platinum

KW - Platingruppenelemente

KW - Platinum fluxes

KW - Sinks

KW - Pt

KW - Platinum group element

KW - Environmental enrichment

KW - Industrial consumption

KW - Palladium

KW - Street deposition

KW - Pb

KW - Pd

KW - Atmospheric load

KW - Lead

KW - Sewage sludges

KW - Automobile emissions

KW - PGE

KW - Pb

KW - Pd

KW - Pt

KW - atmospheric load

KW - automobile emissions

KW - environmental enrichment

KW - industrial consumption

KW - lead

KW - palladium

KW - platinum fluxes

KW - platinum group element

KW - sewage sludges

KW - sinks

KW - street deposition

KW - Platinum group element

KW - Industrial consumption

KW - Lead

KW - Automobile emissions

KW - Platinum fluxes

KW - Sinks

KW - Environmental enrichment

KW - Palladium

KW - Street deposition

KW - Atmospheric load

KW - Sewage sludges

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=2442720665&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/80b5defc-d073-3ee1-961f-1d6e4991e936/

U2 - 10.1007/BF02987118

DO - 10.1007/BF02987118

M3 - Journal articles

VL - 6

SP - 29

EP - 36

JO - Environmental Science and Pollution Research

JF - Environmental Science and Pollution Research

SN - 0944-1344

IS - 1

ER -

DOI